Logical Data Rase Design Principles for Codasyl Data Base Management Systems
نویسندگان
چکیده
cict. o r M i n i n g t h n i n i t i a l c a n o n i c a l d a t a d e f i n i t i o n is d e s c r i b e d b y Ho I M I . T h i n o a p e r d e s c r i h e s t h e s u b s e q u e n t s t e p s w h i c h a r e m o r e f u l l y d e s c r i b e d b y P l o s s e r 13 1 . rilr PSl. M!)[»n. F Q P R F Q U I R E M F N T S S T A T E M E N T T h e R S I u n d e r c o n s i d e r a t i o n i r t h i s s t u d y is t h e P r o b l a m S t a t e m e n t L a n g u a g e ( P S L 1 d e v e l o p e d b y t h e I S D O S ' I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m T ^ s i j n a n d np t i n i ?a t i on S y s t e m ) P r o j e c t . T h e m a j o r f e a t u r e s of P S L a r e d e s c r i b e d b y T e i c h r o e w a n d H e r s h e y r i Q J . P S L e n a b l e s t h e s y s t e m s a n a l y s t to d e f i n e t h e d a t a b a s e s t r u c t u r e t h a t d e s c r i b e s : t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n s y s t e m t o b e s u p p o r t e d b y a n i n f o r m a t i o n s y s t e m . D a t a d e f i n i t i o r is a c c o m o l i s h e d by d e s c r i b i n g v a r i o u s o b j e c t s a n d r e l a t i o n s h i p s a m o n g o b j e c t s t h a t m o d e l t h e e n v i r o n m e n t in w h i c n t h e d e s i r e d a p p l i c a t i o n s e x i s t . P S L d a t a o b j e c t t y o o s i n c l u d 3 t h e E L E M E N T , O P P U P * E N T I T Y , a n d S E T . P S L d a t a r e l a t i o n s h i p s i r c l u d e s p e c i f i c a t i o n o f i d e n t i f i e r s f o r a n E N T I T Y * s u b l e t t i n g of a S E T , a n d t o x i c a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s b e t w e e n E N T I T I E S . T h r o u g h o u t I.his p a o e r * P S L lata o b j e c t s a n d r r l a t i o n s h i p s w i l l b e cart i ta I i 7i. d . T H r P P I S * Mcirr-i F O P O A T A D G F I N T T T H N T h e a b s t r a c t m o d e l f o r l a t a d e f i n i t i o n is t h e P P I S ^ ( P R o p e r t i e s o f in I n f o r m a t i o n S / s t ' j m tfodnl) m o d e l d e v e l o p e d h y H o f i l l . T h e m a j o r f e a t u r e of P R I S M d a t a d e f i n i t i o n is t h e r e l a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e * a f i r s t n o r m a l f o r m r e l a t i o n a s d-af ined b y C o d d 1 7 ) . T h e c o m o l a t e n e s s of t h e r e l a t i o n a l m o d e l f o r d". ta d e f i n i t i o n h a s b e e n d e m o n s t r a t e d by C o d d 1 6 1 . A c e n t r a l c o n c e p t of P R I S I is t h e I d e n t i f i e r s e t * a s u b s a t of t h e l a t a n a m e s in a r e l a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e w h o s e v a l u e s , e n a b l e t h e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f o c c u r r e n c e ^ oF a r e l a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e . L e t 9 h e t h e s e t of a l l n u m b e r a n d c h a r a c t e r r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s . L^t" ') = { d < i > > b e t h e d a t a n a m e s In t h e i n f o r m a t i o n systerr. b e i n g m o d alert h y P I M S ' l . L e t a d a t i . i t e a b e t h e o r d e r e d p a i r f d < i > » r l * w h e r e <:Ki> is a n e l e m e n t of U a n d r is a n e l e m e n t o f R* d e s i g n a t i n g an o c c u c t i J D c s _±be_daJ;d_ a a m s d< i> u i L b _ u a i u e r . A r s l a i i c a a l s t t u c L u c j r » Q c c u £ t £ D c e _ a l _ a _ £ e l 3 t i a D i l S t c u c i u c e is a n e I eirent o f 0 < h > a n d r < i > is a n = r. ^ d a t a b a s e hB is a s t r u c t u r e s . T h e n * H C < h > = CP o c c u r r e n c e s of D < h > } Is t h e s ? t o f is a s e t o f d a t a n a m e s . An n < h > is n = U d < i > * r < i > ) : ri < I > e l e m e n t of P > . T h a n * v ( d < i > * h * Q ) s e t o f o c c u r r e n c e s of r e l a t i o n a l is a n e l e m e n t of D B : 0 is a n o c c u r r e n c e s of f> in O B .
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